Routing number vs account number: the difference
Quick answer: the routing number is a 9-digit code that identifies your bank. The account number identifies your individual account at that bank and is usually 8 to 12 digits (sometimes up to 17). For direct deposit or an ACH payment you need both. On a check, the routing number comes first at the bottom left, then the account number, then the check number.
Side by side
| Routing number | Account number | |
|---|---|---|
| Identifies | The bank or credit union | Your specific account |
| Length | Always 9 digits | Usually 8-12 digits, varies by bank |
| Shared by | Many customers of the same bank | Only you (and joint owners) |
| Public? | Yes, printed on every check | Keep private |
| Changes if you… | Move banks (sometimes states) | Open a new account |
Reading the bottom of a check
The numbers along the bottom of a check are printed in magnetic ink (the MICR line) so machines can read them:
- Routing number: 9 digits, framed by the ⑆ symbol.
- Account number: followed by the ⑈ symbol.
- Check number: matches the number in the top right corner.
On some checks the check number comes before the account number, but the routing number is always the first 9-digit group on the left. See how the rest of a check works in how to write a check.
When you need each number
| Task | What you need |
|---|---|
| Direct deposit from an employer | Routing + account number, account type (checking/savings) |
| Paying a bill by bank account (ACH) | Routing + account number |
| Receiving a domestic wire | Wire routing number + account number, bank name and address |
| Receiving an international wire | SWIFT code + account number, plus bank details |
| Depositing a check | Neither; you endorse the check |
Mistakes to avoid
- Swapping the numbers. Payments bounce or, worse, go to the wrong account. Read each number back carefully.
- Using a deposit slip. Some deposit slips contain routing codes for internal use. Take numbers from a check or your bank’s app instead.
- Using the wrong routing number for a wire. Some banks use a separate one. See what is a routing number.
Keeping your account number safe
With a routing and account number, someone can attempt to set up an ACH debit from your account. Banks have protections, and consumers generally have strong rights to dispute unauthorized electronic transfers if they report them promptly. Check your statements and report anything unfamiliar straight away.
Frequently asked questions
Is the account number the same as the card number? No. Your debit card number is a separate 16-digit number linked to the account.
Do checking and savings accounts have the same routing number? At the same bank, usually yes. The account numbers are different.
Can I find my account number without a check? Yes, in your bank’s app, online banking or on a statement.